Improvement in microscopes



c+. WALE.

MLCROSCOPE.

No.178,391. Patented June 6,1875`- lummwwmm I i B' ATTORNEYS.

MPETERS, PHOTQJITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. n C.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

GEORGE WALE, OF FAIRVIEW, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN MICROSCOPES.

Specitication forming part of vLetters Patent N o. 178,391, dated June6, 1876; application led April 25, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE WALE, ot'Fairview,Bergen county, and State of New Jersey, have invented a new andImproved Microscope-Stand, of which the following is a speciiication Inthe accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a top view; Fig. 2, avertical longitudinal section on line C C, Fig. l; Fig. 3, a bottom viewot' my improved microscope-stand. Fig. 4 is a detail horizontal sectionof the adjustable vertical pillar of the same on line X X, Fig. 2. Fig.5 is a detail bottom view of the guide-ring of the object-holder, andFig. 6 a detail side view of the adjustable light-regulator.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention relates to an improved microscope-stand, by which theobject-glass may be adjusted to greater or less distance from the objectwithout being disturbed in the least, or thrown out of its accuratevertical position, and by which the greater or lesser intensity of thelight may be regulated and set to various conditions of the object in asimple and convenient manner.

My invention consists, rst, of the mechanism for the minute verticaladjustment of the object-glass secondly, ofthe adjustable ringframe andsocket, and, lastly,of the variable light-admitting aperture of thesame.

In the drawing, A represents the horizontal arm, to which theobjectglass is attached. The arm is screwed to a vertical pillar, B, oftriangular or other shape, that slides in a guidecasing, B', forvertical adjustment. The casing B' is secured, by a bottom screw boltand nut, a, to the lower horizontal arm A', that is secured in asuitable manner to a post, stand, or other support. The lower arm A'supports, in a rin g-shaped frame, C, the detachable ringframe andsocket D D', to which the lightregulating device E is applied verticallybelow the object-glass. The upper arm A is adjusted in verticaldirection by a spring-andscrew mechanism, at the inside ot' thetriangular pillar, in such a manner that the objectglass is movedaccurately in vertical direction without any axial'displacement.

The varying position of the common objectglass to one side or the otherof the vertical axis, by the common set-screw mechanism, forms one ofthe principal and annoying inaccuracies of the microscopes in use. Toovercome this defect, and adjust the glass, without the least deviation,nearer to or farther from the object, as required, the pillar B iscentrally bored out, and a stationary sleeve or tube, b, made in onepiece with the binding-bolt a, placed inside ofthe same. An interiorscrew-thread at the upper part of tube b serves to raise or lower thesetscrew d, that bears on a smaller rod, e, with conically-taperin gends, which bears again on a rod, f, sliding loosely in the bottom partof the tube, and pressing on a horizontal and guided cross-pin, f', atthe lower part of the pillar B', said cross-pinf' moving in a slot, a',of

the lower part of the binding screw-bolt a.

, A spiral spring, g, is inserted between the lower part of the pillar Band the upper arm A, so as to extend around the tube or sleeve b in thesmall space between the same and the somewhat larger cylindrical boringof the pillar. v

When the set-screw d is turned in one direction, so as to screw into thetube b, the

pressure ofthe same is transmitted, with the least possible friction, bythe pointed rod e and rod f, to the lower part of the pillar, so as tolower the same and compress the spiral spring.

When the set-screw is unscrewed the pressure on the lower part of thepillar is released, and the same compelled to follow the action of thespring, so that a positive motion of the upper arm in verticaldirection, without any lateral displacement, is produced.

rlhe ring-shaped frame C (shown in detail in Fig. 5) serves to support,on an annular recessed rim, h, and a sliding spring-bolt, h',tl1edetachable rin g-frame and socket D'.

The ring frame D has three or more downward-projecting shoulders, i,that project over the under side of the rim of frame C, andareintroduced from above through corresponding recesses i' of the rim, -toslide them along the same until they may be engaged by bolt h1 andset-screw h2, turning in bottom lugs h3 of frame C. The action of theset-screws, in connection with the spring-bolt, admits the moving of thering-frame a short distance to one side or the other, so that theilluminating apparatus may be brought readily into the eX- act positionrequired by the object-glass. The socket D' is also detachable fromring-frame D, being introduced from below by recesses l ot' thecircumferential iange l, past the lugt' ot' the spring-bolt, and aset-screw, Z2, ot' the rin g-i'rame D, being carried by a slottedhookshaped handle between set-screw l2 and ringframe D, to be thensecured to ring-frame D. The conveXly-raised center part of socket D'has a perforation for the admission of the light from below. Thelight-regulator E is screwed into ,the lower` part of socket D', andretained thereinl by a small screw-pin, a, that engages a smooth annularrecess n' of the regulator i lato'r in the screw-socket within a smallbut fixed distance. The upper part of the lightregulator E isconstructed of a number of narrow spirally-overlapping elastic blades,0, as shown in detail, Fig. 6, that are, by the turning -forward orbackward of the screw-threads, carried against the concave under side ofthe raised center part of the socket, and thereby either approachedjointly toward their comnion center, so as to gradually diminish theround aperture formed by the same, or they are withdrawn from the raisedcenter part, and thereby allowed to spread by their spring action, so asto enlarge the aperture between the ends of the steel blades. Abottomflange or rim, p, of the regulator E serves to turn the same, and eitherdiminish or enlarge the aperture of the blades, so as to control thepassage of the light, and throw a smaller or larger body of light on theobject, as required.

The adjustment ofthe light-admitting aperture of the regulator, inconnection with the adjustability of the socket-frame of the same,admits the throwing of the light in a more or less intense manner on anydesired part of the object, and facilitates thereby the observations ofthe microscope, while producing more accurate results with less fatigueto the observer.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, in a microscope-stand, ot' the hollowvertically-guided pillar, supporting the horizontal arm, with a Xedcentral sleeve or tube of the supporting-bolt or spiral spring andset-screw mechanism, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. rlhe combination of the fixed interior tube or sleeve of the slidingpillar B by a set-screw, conieally pointed, and a connecting-rod, with across-pin of the bottom part of the pillar, and with a vspiral-tubeencircling spring, to raise or lower the pillar, as described,substantially as herein shown and described.

3. The combination, with the ring-shaped frame, of the lower arm, havingset-screw and spring-bolt, with the detachable ring-frame and socketpart of the light-regulating device, having projecting lugs or shouldersto adjust the light-regulating device within the supporting-ring,substantially as herein shown and described.

4. The combination ofthe interior ring-frame D, having lug t'andset-screw Z2, with the detachable socket part D', having recesses Z1and handle-hook m, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. The lightregulator, composed chiefly of a series of elastic blades,in combination with a socket for causing the blades to convergein theform of a cone when the regulatoris suitably adj usted for the purpose,as shown and described.

6. The socket part D', having set-screw fn, in combination with thelight-regulator E, having outer screw-threads and intermediate annularrecess n', substantially as herein shown and described. e

GEORGE WALE.

Witnesses:

T. B. MosHER, ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

